Determination of the specifications and quantities of pollutants present in water discharged from oil plant and their treatment methods

Abstract

Water pollution is an important environmental problem at present and has a direct impact on the lives of individuals, families and society. Water pollution is produced from several industrial processes. One of these processes is the making vegetable oils, where the polluted water is produced by the refining of vegetable oils, there is also contaminated water resulting from the process of bleaching vegetable oil, there is another pollution of the water produced by the process of removing the smell of vegetable oil and there is also pollution of water resulting from heat exchangers where the use of cold or hot water. In this research, were used natural and chemical materials, different concentrations and different weights to reach the best results. The treatment process is done in two phases, the first by adding the following substances (alum, calcium hydroxide alkaline and concentrated sulfuric acid) in different quantities to the polluted water and then leaving a period of time after it is separated from the sediment method. After treatment, (pH), residual Chlorine (cl), bioactive oxygen (BOD5), Oils and Greases (O & G) and phosphate (PO4) are measured. The second phase of the water is adsorbed by activated carbon adsorption for the removal of chlorine from the water (a class of halogens) which is strongly adsorbed by activated carbon. First, (pH), (BOD5), (O & G), and phosphate (PO4) have been controlled within the allowable limits, while the residual chlorine (cl) is much higher than the maximum limits, where it was treated in the second stage, up to the surveyed boundary before it was put into the river water.