Three-Phase Smart Energy Meter for Grid-Connected PV Installations

Abstract

High levels of solar energy are a good orientation for the development of grid-connected power converters used in the interface of photovoltaic (PV) installations with the power grid. In this case, in order to define control strategies and the respective tariffs, the injected power into the grid must be accounted using an energy meter. Therefore, in this paper, the implementation of a three-phase smart energy meter for PV installations is presented, ensuring the registration of the electrical energy supplied to the grid. This three-phase energy meter consists of Hall-effect sensors, used to adapt the high voltages and currents with the analog circuits of the signal conditioning, which is connected to a DSP. The developed energy meter ensures data acquisition and processing and, based on that, the energy calculation and standardization in real time. As presented along the paper, a detailed metrology analysis was developed to identify the smart meter metrological characteristics. Through the experimental validations, it was possible to validate the main features of the developed smart energy meter for grid-connected PV installations.