Pathogenesis of stones: Summary of current concepts

Abstract

Research involving the traditional factors that direct the pathogenesis of kidney stone disease - hypercalciuria, primary hyperparathyroidism, hyperoxaluria, hypocitraturia - has progressed gently during the past several years, but has not unveiled any new dramatic findings. However, meaningful results have emerged from sophisticated scientific studies in at least three other areas - oxalate-degrading bacteria, Randall's plaque, and genetic determinants. Both groups of pathogenic factors - traditional and other - are summarized in this review. © 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited.