Downregulation of Id2 increases chemosensitivity of glioma

Abstract

With its growth characteristic and chemoresistance, glioblastoma is the most deadly brain tumor. Twenty-five core genes that influence the chemosensitivity of glioblastoma were screened in our previous experiments, and Id2, the inhibitor of DNA binding 2, an oncogene encoding a helix–loop–helix protein, was identified. The elevated expression levels of Id2 have been reported in several malignancies. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Id2 expression on the chemosensitivity of glioma cells. In this study, Id2 expression was investigated in a malignant glioma cell line. Then, we silenced the expression of Id2 with the highly specific posttranscriptional suppression of RNA interference (RNAi) in U87 cells. The changes in response to antitumor agents Me-CCNU, VM26, and TMZ were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was measured using an annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) apoptosis detection kit. The relationship between Id2 expression and caspase 3 was tested by RT-PCR and Western blot. This study demonstrated that Id2 was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues, and Id2 correlated well with the advancement of glioma grade and a worse prognosis in response to temozolomide treatment. The RNAi-mediated decrease of Id2 expression enhanced chemosensitivity to Me-CCNU, VM26, and TMZ in the U87 cell line. We further discovered that silencing of Id2 expression could promote apoptosis of glioblastoma cells, which could be attributed to the fact that Id2 affects tumor cell chemosensitivity. Downregulation of the Id2 gene by RNAi could increase the chemosensitivity of glioblastoma cells. Id2 could be a good molecular target for glioblastoma gene therapy.