Relación entre estrés durante el embarazo y nacimiento pretérmino espontáneo

Abstract

Background Preterm birth occurs before 37 completed weeks, its causes are multifactorial and vary according to the gestational age, ethnicity and geographical context. Although several medical/social factors have been clearly identified, over 50% of cases are unknown or unclear; however, psychopathological components emerge as potentially important risk factors. Objective To determine the relationship between the presence of stress during pregnancy and spontaneous preterm birth. Material and methods Through a study of cases and controls in a level III hospital, with a sample of 360 patients during the period from March to November of 2013, where sociodemographic characteristics were collected. In addition, they were applied scales social adjustment, coping strategies and social support. Logistic regression models were developed; psychological, biological and social. Based on the significant variables in each of these generated a final one. Results The final model was found that stress during pregnancy increases the odds of spontaneous preterm birth 1.91 times (adjusted OR = 2.91; 95%CI, 1.67-5.08; P