Scenario Planning for Renewable Energy Development towards Net Zero Emission in Indonesia’s New Capital City “Nusantara”

Abstract

It is well-known that the power sector is a major contributor to the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, and it is also vulnerable to the effects of climate change. As a result, the global power sector must speed up its decarbonization efforts. This article focuses on Renewable Energy scenario planning in Ibu Kota Nusantara. The paper examines a net-zero emissions scenario, as well as reference and renewable policy scenarios, to determine what additional measures are needed beyond the current trajectory to reach net-zero emissions. Ibu Kota Nusantara must use its underused renewable energy resources to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. Based on the above considerations, the conclusion that can be drawn is that a scenario combining renewable energy (diesel, bioenergy) with carbon capture and storage technology (CCUS) is the most promising option for carbon neutrality. This combination allows for significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions while still leveraging existing fossil fuel resources. However, continuing research and development in CCUS technology is vital to overcome the existing cost and implementation challenges. In planning toward carbon neutrality, collaboration between government, industry, and society is essential to transition to a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy system successfully.