Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Aksesi-Aksesi Kacang Tunggak Lokal Asal Maluku

  • Papa M
  • Hetharie H
  • Polnaya F
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Abstract

Cowpea belongs to minor legumes that have a prospect for future improvement as a supplementary food source. This research aimed to describe the vegetative growth of local cowpea and obtain genotypes with the highest performances of yield components and yields. This research was conducted as a single factor experiment that tested 14 accessions of cowpea. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results showed that KTm‑1, KTm-5, KTm-9, KTm-10, KTm-16, and KTm-26 accessions showed a denser appearance characteristic as indicated by their higher branch number and leaf number. Whereas, KTm-12 and KTm-20 had a characteristic of compact canopy appearance with a relatively short plant, but also with greater branch number and leaf number than that of the KT 6 national variety that did not have a dense canopy performance. The performance of KTm-5 and KTm-19 local accessions showed superior appearance in some of the observed yield variables, i.e. total pod number, full pod number, pod weight per plant, seed number, total seed number, and seed weight per plant, compared to the other local accessions. These two former local accessions showed the potential for all yield variables as good as those of the KT6 superior variety. For the seed number per pod and the seed locus number per pod, all local accessions except KTm-1 and KTm-17 were as excellent and high as those of the KT6 superior variety. Keywords: cowpea, local accessions, performance, yield   ABSTRAK Kacang tunggak merupakan kacang-kacangan minor yang mempunyai prospek pengembangan ke depan sebagai sumber makanan tambahan. Penelitian bertujuan mendiskripsikan keragaan pertumbuhan vegetatif kacang tunggak lokal dan mendapatkan aksesi kacang tunggak lokal dengan hasil maupun komponen hasil tertinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal yaitu menguji 14 aksesi kacang tunggak. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Berblok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KTm-1, KTm-5, KTm-9, KTm-10, KTm-16 dan KTm-26 memiliki karakteristik penampilan lebih rimbun berdasarkan jumlah cabang dan jumlah daun banyak. Sedangkan KTm-12 dan KTm-20 memiliki karakteristik rimbun dengan ciri tanaman relatif pendek namun jumlah cabang dan jumlah daunnya banyak dibandingkan varietas Nasional KT 6 dengan penampakan yang tidak rimbun. Keragaan produksi aksesi lokal KTm-5 dan KTm-19 memiliki penampilan lebih unggul pada beberapa peubah produksi yang diamati, yaitu jumlah polong total, jumlah polong bernas, bobot polong per tanaman, jumlah biji, jumlah biji bernas, bobot biji per tanaman, dibandingkan aksesi-aksesi lokal yang lain. Dua aksesi lokal tersebut berpotensi pada semua peubah produksi yang sama baik dengan varietas unggul KT6. Pada peubah jumlah biji per polong dan jumlah lokus biji per polong semua aksesi lokal sama baik dan tinggi dengan varietas unggul KT6 kecuali aksesi lokal KTm-1 dan KTm-17. Kata kunci: aksesi lokal, kacang tunggak, keragaan, produksi

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APA

Papa, M., Hetharie, H., & Polnaya, F. (2020). Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Aksesi-Aksesi Kacang Tunggak Lokal Asal Maluku. JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN, 16(1), 88–94. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.1.88

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