Zoometric Index Analysis in Borgou Cattle Breed Reared on Station in Northern Benin

Abstract

Exploring the body constitution of animals is one of the essential components in improving their performance. This study aims to determine morphometric indices for selection and genetic improvement purposes. Body measurements and weights were collected from 108 animals (58 males and 50 females) reared at the Okpara Breeding Farm and ten zoometric indices were then determined. Statistical analyses were carried out using software R. The results obtained showed that sex has a significant effect on the Baron & Crevat index (p<0.01), Compact Index (Cmp.Ind) (p<0.01), dactylo-thoracic index (DTI) (p<0.01), and Rump Length Index (p<0.01) with a dominance of male over females except for DTI. The indices obtained showed that Borgou cattle breed is dolichocephalic with a cephalic index of 48.57; brevilineal (Body index <0.85), has a Cmp.Ind of 2.33 and a good thoracic development index (1.30). The DTI (11.59±1.21) allowed this breed to be classified among beef cattle while the Baron & Crevat index (201.35±17.61) showed an aptitude for milk production. Its Height Index value (1.00±0.07) revealed a balanced body. Pelvic Index (1.08±0.12) and Rump length index (32.04±3.63) predispose Borgou cattle to good reproductive management. The highest Pearson correlation coefficient was observed between Length index and Body index (r=0.72) while the most negative correlation was observed Length index and Height index (r=-0.99). These indices reveal a suitability for selection in the improvement of milk or meat production in this breed and therefore a mixed aptitude.