The cytotoxic mode of action of the venom of cupiennius salei (ctenidae)

Abstract

The venom of Cupiennius salei is characterized by (1) a high diversity of cytolytic compounds (linear cytolytic peptides and a cysteine-rich peptide exhibiting two domains: the ICK motif and an α-helical cytolytically acting domain), (2) the neurotoxic activity of ion-channel inhibitors, (3) a highly active hyaluronidase and (4) synergistic interactions between many of these components. The combined effects of synergistic and enhancing interactions between various components enable Cupiennius salei to inject a maximum of toxicity with a minimum of venom quantity, thus optimizing its venom investment.