Chronic kidney disease and the dialysis patient

Abstract

A 64-year-old male with chronic hypercalcemia presented for elective four-gland parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation. He had a history of end-stage kidney disease and was intermittently hemodialyzed at home via a tunnelled central venous catheter in his right internal jugular vein. Other past medical history included diabetes mellitus (DM) (type two) for the preceding 16 years, longstanding essential hypertension, four myocardial infarctions with subsequent coronary artery bypass grafting 2 years prior to this visit, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and obstructive sleep apnea requiring continuous positive airway pressure support at night. He was a non-smoker and had a body mass index of 35 kg/m2. He reported good functional capacity with no exertional angina.