Examining the effects of a transitional employment program for formerly incarcerated people on employment and recidivism: a randomized controlled trial during COVID-19

Abstract

Objectives: This study examines the effectiveness of a transitional employment program (TEP)—delivered with cognitive behavioral interventions (CBIs)—at improving employment and recidivism outcomes among residents returning to Palm Beach County, Florida, from incarceration. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (N = 175) with an intent-to-treat approach was used to examine the effects of the TEP on employment and recidivism outcomes. Bivariate statistics examined treatment group status on the dependent variables. Separate logistic regressions models then examined the effects of programmatic hours and employment on recidivism outcomes. Results: Results suggest that participation in the TEP increased employment but did not reduce recidivism. Logistic regression results, however, showed that obtaining employment significantly reduced the odds of recidivating. Conclusion: Participation in the TEP itself did not reduce recidivism; however, certain programmatic aspects appear to be worthy of consideration moving forward, including improving implementation fidelity, increasing CBI buy-in, and assisting formerly incarcerated people obtain employment.