Pathophysiology of vasovagal syncope: Role of baroreceptor mechanisms

Abstract

Performance of vital and complex mental functions depends on an adequate cerebrovascular perfusion pressure which is regulated by cardiovascular reflexes such as the baroreceptor reflex. In VVS, however, the baroreflex appears to be overridden and unable to prevent the extreme low pressure and/or heart rate levels that lead to cerebral hypo-perfusion and ultimately result in loss of consciousness. In this chapter, we will outline the role and potential contribution of baroreflex mechanisms and specific baroreceptor areas to the development of VV episodes.