Sustainable and technological strategies for basic cereal crops in the face of climate change: A literature review

Abstract

At the international level, corn, wheat and rice are basic grains considered to be the most important food source for humans, as they are a fundamental part of the daily diet and represent more than 55% of the caloric intake. They make up the greater production and consumption in the world. Due to Climate Change, these highly vulnerable crops to extreme temperatures have suffered a reduction in quality and quantity of yields. In addition, there is an increase in the risk of production especially for small farmers who provide more than 75% of the world production. According to the projections for the year 2050, basic cereals will continue to be essential for food security and global survival. In turn, the temperature will continue to increase and will cause a decrease of up to 10% in yield for each increased degree celsius, in the absence of sustainable adaptation. The present work consists of a review of the literature of adaptation strategies in the face of Climate Change, which contributes to reestablishing the damage caused by the green revolution on basic cereal crops, the environment, and biodiversity, the technological strategies review was also included considering that it is a tool that offers valuable support to the farmer in the decision making inherent in the planning and improvement of their cereal crops.