Globular Embryo Induction of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.)

Abstract

Abstract—The objective of this study was to get the best media to produce somatic embryos from zygotic embryos of sugar palm. This research was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2012 to April 2013. This research consisted of three phases which were callus induction, globular embryo induction, and globular embryo maturation. Sterilization using NaOCl 1.575 % and alcohol 96 % was able to provide the most sterile explants for treatment A1 (MS + 3 mg l-1 2,4-D + 2 mg l-1 NAA) of 89 % (16/18). During callus induction phase, embryogenic callus were mostly formed at treatment A5 (MS + 3 mg l-1 2,4- D+0.2 mgl-1NAA+100mgl-1 biotin)whichis73.4%after8 weeks. All explants were able to form globular embryos on media B3 (callus A1 to media MS + 4 mg l-1 Kinetin), B6 (callus A1 to media MS + 1 mg l-1 Kinetin + 0.1 mg l-1 TIBA), B12 (callus A2 to media MS + 0.1 mg l-1 Kinetin + 1 mg l-1 TIBA), and B14 (callus A2 to media MS + 1 mg l-1 Kinetin + 1 mg l-1 TIBA) at 2 weeks after treatment (WAT) during embryo globular induction phase. During embryo globular maturation phase, media C11 (globular embryo clumps B9 to media MS + 0.1 mg l-1 GA3) was able to induce 70.8 % mature globular embryo clumps.