How Artificial Intelligence is Supporting Neuroscience Research: A Discussion About Foundations, Methods and Applications

Abstract

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) research field has presented a considerable growth in the last decades, helping researchers to explore new possibilities into their works. Neuroscience’s studies are characterized for recording high dimensional and complex brain data, making the data analysis computationally expensive and time consuming. Neuroscience takes advantage of AI techniques and the increasing processing power in modern computers, which helped improving the understanding of brain behavior. This paper presents some AI techniques, focusing mainly in Deep Learning (DL), as a powerful tool for data analysis. The foundations and basic concepts of some DL models are presented in order to offer a brief understanding to scientists. Likewise, applications of these models on Neuroscience researches are also presented.