Literature Review: Hubungan Terapi Bermain dengan Daya Konsentrasi pada Anak Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas (GPPH)

Abstract

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder condition that usually begins in childhood and could persist until adult. This condition has three main symptoms including inattention (lack of attention or reduced attention span), hyperactivity, and highly impulsive behavior. The causes of ADHD are still unclear. ADHD children often has some problems in their social environment, so often shunned by their peers. Objective: This research aims to analyze the correlation between play therapy to the ability to concentrate on children with ADHD. Methods: The chosen research methodology is the literature review. All the data has matched the inclusion criteria and collected from online platforms such as ScienceDirect, Proquest, PubMed, Researchgate, Google Scholar Impact Factor, and Portal Garuda Dikti which was published in 2010-2020. To analyze the research, researchers use the PICO-T method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time). Results: From ten journals, three of them showed that play therapy could increase the ability to concentrate on children with ADHD. The rest showed that play therapy could decrease ADHD symptoms and disruptive behavior in ADHD children. In several journals, it is stated that the positive effects of play therapy can last for a certain period. Conclusion: Play therapy can increase concentration ability, reduce symptoms (increased attention, decreased impulsiveness and hyperactivity behavior), and reduce deviant or disruptive behavior in ADHD children