DAYA HAMBAT OBAT KUMUR CETYLPYRIDINIUM CHLORIDE DAN OBAT KUMUR DAUN SIRIH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

Abstract

Abstract: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are still the major problems of oral health among the community. The microbes Streptococcus mutans that accumulate in plaques have an important role in the occurences of these two diseases. The control of plaque forming can be done chemically by using mouthwash. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and betle leaf (Piper betle Linn.), among others, are active ingredients that are added in the preparation of alcohol-free mouthwash. This study aimed to determine whether there was a difference between the inhibition of alcohol-free mouthwash containing CPC, and betle-leaf mouthwash to the growth of S. mutans. This was an experimental study with a post-test-only control-group design. The technique for testing inhibition used the Kirby Baurer disc diffusion method with samples of cultures of S. mutans The trial materials were commercial alcohol-free mouthwash and betle-leaf mouthwash; and aquadest as the negative control.  There were nine repetitions for each trial material group. The results of the Kruskal Wallis test showed significant differences (P <0.05) between alcohol-free mouthwash containing CPC, alcohol-free mouthwash containing piper betle Linn extract, and aquadest. The result of the Mann Withney test showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) between alcohol-free mouthwash containing CPC and alcohol-free mouthwash containing piper betle Linn extract. Alcohol-free mouthwash containing CPC had a wider zone of inhibition than the alcohol-free mouthwash containing betle leaf extract. Conclusion: Inhibition of the alcohol-free mouthwash containing cetylpyridinium chloride on the growth of S.mutans was significantly better than the alcohol-free mouthwash containing piper betle Linn extract. Keywords: cetylpyridinium chloride, betle leaf, mouthwash, Streptococcus mutans.   Abstract: Karies gigi dan penyakit periodontal  merupakan masalah bagi kesehatan gigi dan mulut di masyarakat. Streptococcus mutans dalam plak berperan dalam terjadinya kedua penyakit ini. Pengontrolan plak dapat dilakukan secara kimiawi dengan menggunakan obat kumur. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) dan daun sirih merupakan bahan aktif yang ditambahkan dalam  sediaan obat kumur bebas alkohol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan daya hambat antara obat kumur bebas alkohol yang mengandung CPC dengan obat kumur daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan post-test only control group design. Teknik pengujian daya hambat menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby Baurer dengan sampel S. mutans. Bahan coba yang digunakan yaitu obat kumur bebas alkohol, dan akuades sebagai kontrol negatif. Jumlah pengulangan pada masing-masing kelompok bahan coba sebanyak 9 kali.  Uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (P <0,05) antara obat kumur CPC, obat kumur daun sirih, dan akuades terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans. Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (P <0,05) antara obat kumur CPC dan obat kumur daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans. Obat kumur CPC memiliki zona hambat lebih besar dibandingkan obat kumur daun sirih. Simpulan: Sediaan obat kumur bebas alkohol yang mengandung cetylpyridinium chloride memilliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans yang lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan sediaan obat kumur bebas alkohol yang mengandung ekstrak daun sirih.