Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection for Localized Scleroderma – Case Report and Review of Literature on Filler Injections for Localized Scleroderma

Abstract

Introduction: Localized scleroderma, also known as Morphea, is a chronic inflammatory condition of connective tissue, the etiology of which is unknown. There is skin thickening with increased quantities of collagen in the indurative lesion. Skin hyperemia is seen in the early inflammatory stage. This is followed by fibrosis, sclerosis, and atrophy with hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation. Therapeutic options include corticosteroids, oral or subcutaneous methotrexate, calcipotriol, imiquimod, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, medium-dose UVA1 phototherapy, and CO2 fractional laser treatment. There is disfigurement in approximately 50% of patients. Surgical excision, autologous bone grafting, and autologous fat grafting have been performed with varying degrees of success in linear morphea. Hyaluronic acid, Calcium hydroxylapatite, Poly L lactic acid, and permanent fillers such as Silicone have been used to correct deformities that occur as a result of morphea. The aim of this case report was to establish hyaluronic acid fillers as an efficacious modality of treating stable localized morphea with facial disfigurement. Case Report: A 35-year-old lady with stable localized scleroderma had an atrophic scar on the right side of her face extending from the labio-mental crease to the midline of the chin. The contour of the chin was lost leading to facial disfigurement. The atrophic scar was treated with 2 fillers with the same cross-linking polymer but two different G primes with excellent cosmetic outcome. A brief review of literature involving fillers for localized scleroderma is also discussed. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid filler can be used safely in cases of stable localized scleroderma with facial atrophies. It is an effective, minimally invasive treatment with minimal downtime. It is extremely important to inject fillers only in stable cases of localized morphea. This modality of treatment should be considered for a larger trial in patients with similar disfigurements.