Genetic Diversity of Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) from North Sumatera Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)

Abstract

Genetic diversity of rice in Sumatera Utara have been reported by using any molecular markers, and one of the markers is Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR). The research used 4 SSR primers such as RM 20, RM 580, RM 413 and RM 131 to analysis the genetic diversity analysis from 12 collection of rices (11 local cultivars from North Sumatera and 1 cultivar of hybrid rice). The alleles were amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and amplicons were visualized in agarose gel-electrophoresis. The result showed that 82 DNA bands were detected, with 200-1769 bp from all primers being used. The highest number of polymorphic bands were from RM 20 primer with 19 DNA bands, and the lowest from RM 131 with 9 DNA bands. From Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) analysis, 12 collection of rices was clustered in similiarity coefficient value of 0,58, on similiarity cofficient value of 0,74 the collections were further clustered into 5 groups. Two groups was clustered based on their distribution area, Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara and Kabupaten Karo, while 3 other groups were clustered randomly.