Is the risk from nanomaterials perceived as different from the risk of 'chemicals' by the Australian public?

Abstract

Introduction: Manufactured nanomaterials in Australia are managed predominantly through existing chemical regulatory frameworks. Many regulators in Australia have suggested the framing of manufactured nanomaterials as 'chemicals' when communicating about manufactured nanomaterials to the general public. This paper aims to determine whether the Australian public perception of manufactured nanomaterials differs to that of chemicals, and to examine the relationship between attitudes towards chemicals and perceptions of nanomaterial risk. Methods: We undertook a computer-assisted telephone interview survey of the Australian public. Analysis was undertaken using descriptive, paired tests of proportion, paired t-test and logistic regression techniques. We explored perceptions of nanomaterial risk and their relationship to perceptions of chemical risk and 'chemical attitudes'. Results: We found that the public perceives nanomaterials in a more favourable light than it does chemicals. Perception of risk from chemicals had the greatest association with perceived nanomaterial risk (adjusted odds ratios between 0.1 and 0.2), and attitudes to chemicals were associated with perception of nanomaterial risk in some cases. Conclusion: Risk communicators and policy makers need to consider the differences and associations between nanomaterials and chemicals when addressing the regulatory aspects of nanomaterials with the public. This is relevant for communication strategies that attempt to normalise the risks from nanomaterials compared with those of chemicals, especially as nanomaterials are perceived to be less risky than chemicals.