Transforming urban wastewater into an economic asset: Opportunities and challenges

Abstract

We conclude the book with a reflection on the potential of urbanization to catalyze the recovery and use of water, nutrients and energy from wastewater, with a particular emphasis on low-income countries. We recall the charge set forth in the introduction and we reflect on the ‘take home messages’ in each of the chapters. Our goal is to summarize the challenges, requirements and research gaps we must address to make wastewater an asset and to continue promoting innovative business thinking in the water and sanitation sector.