Glypican-1 overexpression in different types of breast cancers

Abstract

Purpose: Treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients is challenging and remains a major underlying cause of female mortality. Understanding molecular alterations in tumor development is critical to identify novel biomarkers and targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. One of the aberrant cancer expressions gaining recent research interest is glypican-1. Several studies reported strong glypican-1 expression in various types of human cancers. However, none of these investigated glypican-1 expression in a large cohort of breast cancer histopathological subtypes. Patients and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to assess glypican-1 expression in 220 breast cancer patients and its relation to demographic and clinical features, as well as important prognostic immunohistochemical markers for breast cancer. Results: Intense glypican-1 expression was recognized in all breast cancer histopathological subtypes. Normal, healthy breast tissue displayed a heterogeneous low expression (20%). Importantly, a strong differential in glypican-1 expression was determined between normal and malignant breast tissues. Moreover, there was a significantly high rate of glypican-1 expression in advanced grades of breast cancer patients and larger tumor sizes. Unfortunately, the glypican-1 expression demonstrated no obvious relationship with the expression of various biomarkers in breast cancer. Conclusion: This study may establish glypican-1 as a promising new therapeutic target for the development of therapy in breast cancer.