Caracterização de frutos de genótipos de muricizeiros cultivados no litoral cearense

Abstract

Of the species of fruits native to the northeast of Brazil, the nance tree (Byrsonima dealbata Griseb) stands out for offering the potential for both fresh consumption and industrialization. The local populations live by harvesting fruits, and find a source of income in the nance fruit, selling it in street markets. Despite the social importance of those fruit species which are native to certain regions, there is little information about these species. In view of the above, the objective here was to evaluate the fruits of different nance genotypes, using biometric characterization and the genetic relationships between those genotypes. Eighteen genotypes of the nance were analysed, taken from the municipalities of Pacajus, Fortaleza and Paraipaba in the state of Ceará. Thirty measurements were taken, each corresponding to a single fruit, in which the following were analysed: weight, diameter, length, color (L, a*, b*) firmness and yield, this last being based on 100g of pulp. From the results, oblong fruit were predominant, especially the EM 4 genotype which presented the greatest weight. The residual variance, genetic variance, repeatability and phenotypic correlations between variables were all estimated. The multivariate techniques used (genotype clustering using Tocher optimisation, principal-component analysis, and analysis of the dissimilarity of the genotypes expressed as a dendrogram based on nearest-neighbor methodology) had similar results, showing that the three genotypes EM 3, EM 4 and PAC 6 presented different results from each other and the rest of the group, having a genetic variability which would potentially allow for usage in breeding programs.