Public Access Impact and Policy Implications

Abstract

This chapter summarizes the findings of previous chapters and, for completeness, also draws on significant findings from prior studies in search of patterns of use and impact that apply across countries and inform public access policy. Three themes emerge. First, public access enables most users to achieve personal objectives such as learning, communicating with family and friends, enhancing work skills and job prospects (Rwanda), and entertaining themselves (China). Not all impacts are positive: overuse can adversely affect school performance (Cameroon) and personal life spheres (China). Second, public access enables users to expand their social networks and build up social capital (Malaysia, Jordan), facilitates social inclusion (Argentina), and makes it easier for rural grassroots organizations to develop specific capacities, such as interacting with external agents (Peru). Third, although women and underprivileged groups can benefit significantly, their access to the most ubiquitous type of venue, cybercafes, is frequently limited, in some countries severely. This major obstacle must be overcome if public access benefits are to be widespread and equitable. The chapter ends with a discussion of policy design considerations regarding mobiles and public access, information and communication technology (ICT) skills training, telecenter establishment, cybercafe regulation, and options for redressing cybercafe gender imbalance.