Antibacterial effects of Pheretima javanica extract and bioactive chemical analysis using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrum

Abstract

Pheretima sp is an earthworm from the Oligochaeta group found mostly in Java. The characteristics has segments reaching 95-150 segments. Clitellum is located in segment 14-16. The body fluids contain protein, amino acids and various enzymes. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of bioactive compounds and evaluate antibacterial activity. The method used was maceration, antibacterial test against Salmonella typhi and GCMS analysis to identify bioactive compounds. Antibacterial test showed the inhibition zone diameter ranged from 15 to 20 mm. The identification of bioactive compounds is based on the percentage area, percentage peak height, retention time, molecular weight and pharmacological action. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 50 peaks of compounds. Bioactive compounds which are antibacterial are 1) Nitrogen oxide (N2O) (CAS) Nitrous oxide with an area 2.03%, height 7.36%, retention time 1.361, molecular weight 44.013 g/mol; 2) Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid with an area 17.02%, height 29.03%, retention time 1.789, and molecular weight 60.05 g/mol; 3) Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-(CAS) Isovaleric acid with an area of 3.27%, height 2.04%, 3.456, molecular weight 102.13 g/mol; 4) 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (CAS) with an area 0.95%, height 1.32%, retention time 36.306 and molecular weight 222.24 g/mol.