Colostomy Patient Lived Experience at Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Phenomenology

Abstract

Background: Colostomy is believed to alter patients' health, as well as their personal, social, and professional lives. However, there is limited evidence. The aim of this study is to explore the lived experiences of individual with colostomy. Methods: A phenomenological study was conducted in Public hospitals of Addis Ababa to explore the lived experiences of individuals who had undergone colostomy in the last three months. The study employed purposive sampling to select nine participants who met the specific criteria. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide, which included open-ended questions to facilitate detailed responses. The data was analyzed using the content analysis approach. Finding: In this study, nine married individuals aged between 27-55 years with colostomies were included, and the research identified four themes. The psychological impacts of colostomy included emotions such as disbelief, shame, despair, sleep disorder, acceptance of life with a colostomy, and difficulty in maintaining a sexual life. Participants also reported physical activity challenges, including difficulty in performing daily activities and sexual issues. Social isolation and stigma were identified as issues faced by individuals with a colostomy; however, social support from family and friends was found to be crucial. Additionally, religious practices were challenging due to the fear of the bag exploding, bending, and standing. Finally, one patient mentioned financial difficulties due to the cost of purchasing extra colostomy bags. Conclusion:The study emphasizes the challenges faced by patients with colostomy in psychological, physical, financial, and social aspects of their lives. The availability of social and professional support influences the adaptation process, and seeking help from support groups and healthcare professionals is crucial in improving patients' quality of life and ability to manage their condition.