Fundamentals and applications of entrapped cell bioaugmentation for contaminant removal

Abstract

Entrapped cell bioaugmentation is an addition of gel or rubber matrices embedded with microorganisms to increase biological activities. The technology is an integration of cell entrapment and cell bioaugmentation techniques. In the last decade, this technology has been frequently studied for its applications in the environmental field for removing collective and specific contaminants. The technology not only provides sufficient contaminant-degrading cultures but also prevents them from environmental stresses and being transported out of the target systems. This paper provides a review on the uses of entrapped cell bioaugmentation for contaminant removal including background of the technology, principles of cell entrapment techniques, types and preparation procedures of selected cell entrapment matrices, and studies on the applications of the technology for wastewater treatment and site remediation. Future perspectives of the technology are also discussed. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.