Salt-tolerant Microbes in Mangroves: Ecological Role and Bioprospecting Potential

Abstract

Mangroves support salt-tolerant microbial communities such as microalgae, fungi, actinomycetes, bacteria as well as viruses. The microbes form the basis of the functioning of the mangrove habitats. The mangrove system is a detritus-based one that depends on the microorganisms that play a vital role in decomposing the organic matter, making the protein-rich food for fishes, recycling the nutrients and in supporting the coastal food web. In order to adapt to varied conditions of mangroves, the microbes produce novel chemical compounds of unique biological properties. However, the bioprospecting potential of the mangrove-derived microbes is yet to be properly understood for their potential applications as food, fuel, fertilizers and valuable chemicals for pharmaceutical and industrial utility.