SLAP lesion: Part I. pathophysiology and diagnosis

Abstract

Lesions of the superior glenoid labrum are a frequent source of injury and pain in the athlete. Numerous theories have been postulated to explain the etiology of such lesions, and the diagnosis of a clinically relevant SLAP tear remains a challenge based on the paucity of specific examination maneuvers and high frequency of concomitant shoulder pathology. Recent advances in soft tissue imaging and arthroscopic techniques have facilitated improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. The superior bicipital-labral anchor complex may commonly demonstrate a high degree of anatomic variation, and it is imperative that an appropriate treatment plan be based on a thorough history, physical exam findings, multiplanar MR imaging, and findings at the time of surgery. Specifically in the overhead athlete, the constellation of altered shoulder kinematic must be assessed for and treated. Ultimately, successful treatment of such lesions requires a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and the various modalities utilized for diagnosis.