Optimum Synthesis of the PID Controller Parameters for Frequency Control in Microgrid Based Renewable Generations

Abstract

This work concerns the optimal control of an electric microgrid based on renewable energies. This proposed configuration is consists of two renewable sources (photovoltaic and three wind generators) with conventional sources: diesel generator, fuel cells, and energy storage systems (BESS, BFSS). Due to climate change, renewable energy sources are considered as stochastic and intermittent sources. The fluctuation in frequency and power requires the integration of an adequate control system to reduce the effect of the disturbances on the stability of the electric microgrid. This control is ensured by the integration of PID whose parameters are optimized using an objective function resolved by the application of genetic algorithms. The proposed PID controller gives a favourable performance as illustrated in the results. These obtained results show the high efficiency of the proposed method and robustness of the PID controller.