SIMULATION OF HIMALAYAN MAJOR THRUSTS BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

  • HOWLADAR M
  • HAYASHI D
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Abstract

大規模な地殻の運動によって出現したヒマラヤ山系はインドプレートとユーラシア大陸プレートとの衝突によりもたらされた.ここに取り上げた一連の弾性有限要素モデルは中央ヒマラヤの主要スラスト(MCT,MBT,MFT)の発達過程を表している.Johnson(2002)によって作成された中央ヒマラヤのバランス地質断面図を多少修正したものを平面ひずみの条件のもとで使用した.インドプレートの速度を40Maでは10cm/年,20Maでは5cm/年,10Maでは2cm/年に設定した.シミュレーションの結果,水平圧縮応力σ_1はテーチスヒマラヤ,高ヒマラヤ,低ヒマラヤ,サブヒマラヤ,そしてMCT,MBT,MFTの萌芽地帯にスラストを生じさせた.特に将来MCT,MBT,MFTとなる萌芽地帯全体でのスラストの発生する領域の占める割合は高い.The Himalayan mountain system developed from the powerful earth movementswhich occurred as the Indian plate pressed against the Eurasian continentalplate. A series of elastic finite element models are presented toexamine the development of major thrusts (MCT,MBT and MFT) in thecentral Himalaya. Balanced geologic profiles of the central Himalayawhich are modified from Johnson's profiles (2002) are used for thepurpose under plane strain condition. The convergent rate of Indiahas changed 10 cm/a at 40 Ma, 5 cm/a at 20 Ma and 2 cm/a at 10 Ma.Results show that the horizontal compressive stress σ_1 leads tothe development of thrust faults in the Ththys Himalaya, Higher Himalaya,Lesser Himalaya, Sub-Himalaya and incipient zones of MCT, MBT andMFT. Especially, the thrust faults are highly concentrated withinthe whole area of the incipient zones, which influenced the formationof MCT, MBT and MFT at their early stage.

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APA

HOWLADAR, M. F., & HAYASHI, D. (2004). SIMULATION OF HIMALAYAN MAJOR THRUSTS BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. GEOINFORMATICS, 15(4), 207–219. https://doi.org/10.6010/geoinformatics.15.207

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