The effectivity of one-pot concentrated maleic anhydride hydrolysis for betung bamboo pulp (Dendrocalamus asper sp)

Abstract

: Modification and synthesis of cellulose have attracted growing interest in the last decade due to applicable for many fields on advanced materials. Organic acid hydrolysis could be as an effective process for functionalization and size reduction of cellulose in one-pot reaction. The objective of this research is to study the effectivity of maleic acid anhydrous for functionalization and isolation of nanocellulose. Unbleached and Bleached Pulp of Betung Bamboo were used as cellulose resources. Concentrated maleic acid anhydride in 50% up to 60% (w/w) for 45 up to 90 minutes at 100 oC of reaction temperature were conducted to isolate cellulose nanocrsytals from betung bamboo pulp. Fibrillation treatment on fiber solid residue using ultrasonication result micrometers scale less than 1 µm for unbleached (UBB) and bleached (BB) fibrillated cellulose. Functionalization of carboxyl groups is more effective on UBB than BB with surface charge up to -48.5 mV and specific groups of carboxyl are detected in 1716 cm-1 and 1273 cm-1. Thermal stability also has similar tendency by Tonset in 313.69 °C and Tmax in 336.02 °C for UBB.