Violation of Kirchhoff's laws for a coherent RC circuit

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Abstract

What is the complex impedance of a fully coherent quantum resistance-capacitance (RC) circuit at gigahertz frequencies in which a resistor and a capacitor are connected in series? While Kirchhoff's laws predict addition of capacitor and resistor impedances, we report on observation of a different behavior. The resistance, here associated with charge relaxation, differs from the usual transport resistance given by the Landauer formula. In particular, for a single-mode conductor, the charge-relaxation resistance is half the resistance quantum, regardless of the transmission of the mode. The new mesoscopic effect reported here is relevant for the dynamical regime of all quantum devices.

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Gabelli, J., Fève, G., Berroir, J. M., Plaçais, B., Cavanna, A., Etienne, B., … Glattli, D. C. (2006). Violation of Kirchhoff’s laws for a coherent RC circuit. Science, 313(5786), 499–502. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1126940

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