We present a complete description of the Penna bit-string model for biological ageing and how it has been modified, along the last 10 years, to simulate and better understand many different evolutionary phenomena. Particularly, we show how a phenotype was included into the model in order to study speciation and correlated problems.
CITATION STYLE
Moss De Oliveira, S. (2004). Evolution, ageing and speciation: Monte Carlo simulations of biological systems. Brazilian Journal of Physics, 34(3 B), 1066–1076. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-97332004000600003
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