Decreasing grain size caused declining grain yield of CPMMV-Resistant soybean lines grown in ultisols

Abstract

CpMMV-resistant soybean genotype is required in all of soil types, because the incidence of CpMMV is spreaded out in broad and various areas including various soil types. Therefore, CpMMV-resistant soybean genotype is also needed to other soil type such as Ultisols and associated Entisols-Inceptisols. The objective of the research was to study the response of CpMMV-resistant soybean lines in Ultisols and associated Entisols-Inceptisols soil types. A total of 16 F8 generation of CpMMV-resistant soybean lines were grown those two soil types by using randomized complete block design with three replications. The site of Ultisols was in Kalimantan Island while Entisols-Inceptisols site was in Java Island. Results showed that genotype xenvironment interaction was found on plant height, number of reproductive nodes per plant, number of pods per plant, grain size and grain yield. In Ultisols some of agronomical characters decreased such as number of branches per plant, grain size and grain yield but some agronomical characters also increased such as plant height, number of reproductive nodes per plant and number of filled pods per plant. Decreasing seed size was found on all of the genotypes grown in Ultisols and it caused decreasing grain yield. The higher number of filled pods per plant in Ultisols rather than in Entisols-Inceptisols could not increase grain yield in Ultisols. Gl achieved the heighest grain yield (1.6 t ha-1) in Ultisols suggesting this genotype can be developed as CpMMV-resistant soybean genotype in acid soil area.