A Literature Review on the Potential of the Biodiversity of Thrombolytic Protease-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Brown Seaweeds Chnoospora sp.

Abstract

Bacterial proteases with antithrombotic activities can be used to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia is known for its high marine biodiversity, including its brown seaweed varieties and their symbiotic bacteria. The high biodiversity of proteolytic bacteria associated with marine organisms provides an excellent opportunity to obtain novel antithrombotic agents. This literature review aimed to highlight factors supporting the potential of the biodiversity of thrombolytic protease-producing bacteria isolated from Indonesian brown macroalgae Chnoospora sp. as an alternative source of antithrombotic proteases derived from its associated bacteria. Results of this integrative review targeting publications in the last decade showed that studies aiming to explore the production of antithrombotic enzymes from the tissues or bacteria associated with Chnoospora sp. have not been reported. Biodiversity studies related to the antithrombotic protease-producing bacteria associated with Chnoospora sp. are also barely found based on the collected data. Meanwhile, the relatively high protein content of brown algae, including Chnoospora sp. could be an indication that bacteria associated with the seaweed may actively produce proteases, some of which may have antithrombotic activities. In conclusion, the potential of the biodiversity of bacteria isolated from brown seaweeds Chnoospora sp. is quite high to support the finding of new sources of thrombolytic agents. Thus, it is recommended to conduct a study exploring the fibrinolytic protease-producing bacteria associated with the brown algae, which is barely studied, yet abundant in Indonesia, to support the application of protease to treat thrombosis disease.