Histopathological alterations and parasitic infection in Oreochromis niloticus fish inhabiting the river nile water

Abstract

Histological and parasitic examinations represent an excellent tool for determining the effect of Nile water contamination on fish health status. This paper outlines the effect of sewage, industrial and agricultural drainage water into six selected sites (El-Kanater El-Khyria, El-Qatta, Tamalay, Kafr El-Zayat, Benha and Talkha) at River Nile branches on Oreochromis niloticus fish. Water samples were collected from the investigated area during winter 2019 to assess the status of water by determining some physicochemical characteristics (temperature, electrical conductivity, transparency, pH, oxygen and nutrient salts). Also, histological features for some organs (liver, kidney, and gills) and parasitic infestation in fish were studied. The results revealed that the uncontrolled inputs of wastes altered the water quality of investigated areas leads to the prevalence of the most common parasites genera which infected Oreochromis niloticus health status in the form of histological alteration.