The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in young South Indian women from Pondicherry

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Poly Cystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a heterogeneous multisystem endocrinological disorder of reproductive age. PCOS set early in adolescent life, but clinically manifest in reproductive age with long term implications of diabetes hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease which forms syndrome X. This syndrome is a combination of clinical, biochemical and ultrasound parameters of ovarian morphology. The quoted incidence is 8-10 % by various authors. Androgen Excess Society defines PCOS as a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction with three cardinal features namely hyperandrogenism, anovulation and Polycystic ovary morphology with Rotterdam criteria. PCOS cause anovulation and infertility in 20%, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in 50-70 % and obesity in 60% young women. Aim To correlate clinical findings with ultrasound ovarian morphology and assess prevalence of occult PCO METHODS Fifty young women in the age group of 15-25 years attending Gynae OPD of Sri Manakula Vinayagar medical college & hospital, Puducherry, S. India with the complaints of menstrual irregularity were included in the study. Fifty women with complaints of acne and hirsutism attending dermatology OPD of SMVMCH were enrolled as controls. Height, weight and BP were recorded; BMI calculated History regarding infertility, amenorrhea, and menstrual irregularities were taken using a questionnaire. Study subjects and controls were subjected to ultra-sonogram to study ovarian morphology. PCOD was diagnosed using Rotterdam ABSTRACT Background: Aim of current study was to correlate clinical presentation of menstrual irregularity with ultrasound ovarian morphology and assess prevalence of occult PCO. Methods: Fifty women in the age group of 15-25 years attending gynaecology OPD with the complaints of menstrual irregularity were selected for the study. Fifty women within the same age group without any of these complaints were enrolled as control. Results: Past In study group 80% were obese, 50% had acne, 26% had hirsutism, 94% had oligomenorrhea, 80% had ovarian morphological changes and 6% had amenorrhea. In the control group 48% were obese and 46% had ovarian changes. Conclusions: Occult PCOD category need follow up and laboratory assays, as they have risk of PCOD and long term implications like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease.