Copolyesters based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA): Effect of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol units on their properties

Abstract

Bio-based polyesters derived from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), including poly (ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF), poly(propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PPF), and poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PBF) have been synthesized and modified with 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO). Copolyesters with increased glass transition temperature, good barrier and better mechanical properties, as well as higher transparency were reported in this work. The chemical structures, composition, and sequence distribution of the copolyesters were determined by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The degree of random (R) was close to 1 for all the copolyesters, indicating their random chemical structures. With the introduction of 10% CBDO units, the semi-crystalline PEF and PPF were changed into completely amorphous polyesters and the higher transparency was easily achieved. The glass transition temperature was increased from 87 C for PEF to 91.1 C for PETF-18, from 55.5 C for PPF to 63.5 C for PPTF-18, and from 39.0 C for PBF to 43.5 C for PBTF-18. The barrier properties investigation demonstrated that although the O2 and CO2 barrier of PEF/PPF/PBF were decreased by the addition of CBDO units, the modified copolyesters still showed good barrier properties.