Comparative analysis of education hubs

Abstract

The last chapter tackles some core issues related to education hubs within the broader context of cross-border education. The topics addressed are the link between the top international student destination and education hub countries, the development of zone- or city-level education hubs, the distribution of branch campuses across education hub countries, the regional nature and engagement of education hubs, and the key challenges related to quality assurance and qualification recognition. A discussion on the feasibility and usefulness of developing indicators for the three types of education hubs follows and includes a trial set of indicators to illustrate both possibilities and pitfalls. To end the chapter and conclude the book, the last section raises questions which merit further reflection and research to deepen our knowledge about education hub experiences. These questions vary by type of education hub and include regulatory, policy and operational issues, as well as larger concerns about results, impact, benefits, risks, and sustainability. The chapter concludes by raising the question of what follows education hubs in terms of the fourth generation of cross-border education.