Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynağı Olarak Biyokütle Üretiminin Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Durumu

Abstract

The energy security and diversification of energy have been the unchangeable elements of energy policies since the oil crisis in 1973. In addition, in 1990s, the negative effects of fossil resources on environment and natural resources have been realized. These factors have created a huge interest about the renewable energy resources. Renewable energy consists of wind, biomass etc. Biomass is described as all organic matters which are renewable in less than 100 years including plants, various products and wastes. This paper aims to evaluate the potential of biomass which is the important one in the renewable energy resources and the biofuel worldwide and in Turkey. Therefore in this paper, primary energy supply and electricity generation from renewable energy sources worldwide and in Turkey, the importance of biomass energy in the renewable energy resources, the current situation of biofuels (bioethanol and biodiesel) worldwide and in Turkey and the policies and practices about the the biofuels worldwide and in Turkey are examined. JEL Classification: Q20 Q40 Q42 Keywords: Renewable Energy Biomass Biofuel Bioethanol Biodiesel 1 28-30 Nisan 2015 tarihleri arasında İzmir'de düzenlenen 18. Uluslararası İktisat Öğrencileri Kongresi'nde sunulan bildiri metninin gözden geçirilmiş ve yeniden düzenlenmiş halidir.