TITANIUM ALLOYS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS.

Abstract

This article discusses titanium's suitability for implantable device fabrication. Its widespread use in device design is largely attributable to its mechanical, phisical, and functional properties (tabulated), all of which contribute to its favorable biocompatibility and long life-span within the body. The allotropic nature of titanium results in two crystalline structures, termed alpha and beta. This configuration, which is analogous to steel's austenite-to-ferrite transformation, gives titanium numerous alloying possibilities as well as a wide range of strength capabilities (tabulated). The high strengths and low densities of titanium and its alloys combine to yield exceptionally favorable strength-to-weight ratios. In effect, titanium bridges the design gap between aluminum and steel, offering a combination of the many highly desirable properties of each. Titanium ore deposits, mining, ore treatment and metallurgy are also briefly discussed.