A Quantitative Model for Forecasting Energy Demand and CO2 Emissions in Pakistan: Toward a Sustainable Energy System

Abstract

Energy demand and its related GHGs (mainly CO2) emission forecasting is critical for analyzing the energy situation to take essential steps before developing sustainable, reliable, and secure energy systems and addressing environmental protection obligations. This study focused on the projection of energy demand from 2017 to 2052 using a bottom-up model energy model MAED that includes detailed social, economic, and technological scenario analysis. The model is used to evaluate the business-as-usual and economic development scenarios. The results emphasize the exploration of renewable and other cheap, indigenous, and clean energy sources in Pakistan.