Scenario of climate change and its impacts

Abstract

This paper gives an extensive review of previous research work conducted to identify the impacts of climate change on water availability, crop yield and food quality. The research investigations conducted suggests that climate models with higher resolution can be more helpful in generation of future climatic projections. Stochastic projections of more than one model are vital for finding vulnerabilities and also to form management policies. Climate change has its impacts primarily on temperature, precipitation, surface water and ground water so the agricultural practices need to be improved simultaneously. Models which simulate the yield are useful tools for assessing the yield response to change in climatic constraints. Multiple climate models integrated with weather generators and yield simulating models (like DSSAT, AquaCrop, InfoCrop, CropSyst) are very useful in improving the strategies to adapt with the changing climate and food quality. The evapo-transpiration will get changed due to increase in temperature; crop yield will also get reduced. Hence the agricultural lands needs to be expanded, studies with multiple climate models are to be integrated with population, crop yields so as to tackle the problem of water availability, crop production, food quality & security.