Isolation and Characterization of Pectin from Pericarp of Citrus depressa

Abstract

A polysaccharide was extracted from the pericarp of Citrus depressa which was collected Ogimi Vil- lage, Okinawa, Japan. The yield of purified polysaccharide was 2.6% (w／w) based on fresh material. The con- tents of total carbohydrate, uronic acid, ash and moisture of the polysaccharide were 88.0, 78.0, 4.7 and 7.2%, respectively. The degree of methoxylation of the polysaccharide was estimated to be 62.9%. The purified poly- saccharide was composed of D-galacturonic acid, D-galactose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-glucose and D- mannose in the molar ratio of 100 : 9.20 : 1.34 : 1.02 : 0.88 : 0.78 respectively. The molecular mass of the polysaccharide was estimated to be approximately 6.8×104 by gel chromatography. The specific rotation of the polysaccharide was ＋149° at 25° C, which indicated that the polysaccharide mainly had α-glycosidic link- ages. The infrared spectra of the polysaccharide and the de-esterified polysaccharide were in agreement with those of standard pectin and de-esterified standard pectin over wide ranges of wave numbers. Chemical shifts of 1 H- and 13 C-NMR spectra of the polysaccharide and the de-esterified polysaccharide were also consistent with those of standard pectin and de-esterified standard pectin. NOESY spectroscopy showed that the poly- saccharide contained (1→4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues. The polysaccharide and the de-esterified poly- saccharide formed gels in the presence of sucrose under acidic conditions and of Ca2＋ ions, respectively. These results indicated that the polysaccharide extracted from the pericarp of C. depressa was a pectin.