In vivo polyploid-induction by colchicine on orchids phalaenopsis pulcherrima (Lindl.) J.J Smith

Abstract

Phalaenopsis pulcherrima has a small flower size when compared with other Phalaenopsis. Polypoloidi can produced larger flower size, more rounded flower shape, and more dense flower color. The purpose of this study was to determine the provision colchicine concentration that can produce polyploidy plants on Phalaenopsis pulcherrima. This study was using Randomized Block Design with four replications. Induction colchicine concentration was consist of 0 ppm (K0), 1000 ppm (K1), 2000 ppm (K2), 3000 ppm (K3), 4000 ppm (K4), 5000 ppm (K5). Seedlings of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima were dripped with 0,01 ml of colchicine solutions.Variabel observedd was morphology (age of appear new leaves, number of leaves,thicknes leaves, number of roots, plant heigh, plant lengt, and leave colour), anatomy (stomata density, lenght and width stomata) and cytologi (number of chromosomes). The experimental results showed that colchicine concentration of 1000 - 4000 ppm were having aneuploid type, while for concentration 5000 ppm could produce a tetraploid type with 76 chromosomes.