Immune Opsonins Modulate BLyS/BAFF Release in a Receptor-Specific Fashion

Abstract

TNF ligand superfamily member 13B (B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), B cell activating factor (BAFF)) promotes primary B cell proliferation and Ig production. While the soluble form of BLyS/BAFF is thought to be the primary biologically active form, little is known about the regulation of its cleavage and processing. We provide evidence that Fcγ receptor cross-linking triggers a rapid release of soluble, biologically active BLyS/BAFF from myeloid cells. Surprisingly, this function is primarily mediated by FcγRI, but not FcγRIIa as defined by specific mAb, and can be initiated by both IgG and C reactive protein as ligands. The generation of a B cell proliferation and survival factor by both innate and adaptive immune opsonins through engagement of an Fcγ receptor, which can also enhance Ag uptake and presentation, provides a unique opportunity to facilitate Ab production. These results provide a mechanism by which Fcγ receptors can elevate circulating BLyS levels and promote autoantibody production in immune complex-mediated autoimmune diseases.