Variability in the wettability and water storage capacity of common oak leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Abstract

The canopy water storage capacity and wettability of the plant material are significantly dependent on the condition of the leaf surface. The aim of the present research was an analysis of the influence of infection with oak powdery mildew, seasonal changes occurring on leaves and factors related to location on the surface of leaves and their hydrological properties. This study performed a series of experiments connecting the direct spraying of tree branches with simulated rainfall under laboratory conditions; an analysis of the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in leaves with the use of the chromatograph; and measurements of the angles of adherence of raindrops to the leaf surface. Degree of wettability was determined and, additionally, photographs were taken with a scanning electron microscope. The experiments were performed on common oak (Quercus robur L.) both in the city and in the forest, on two dates: in May and September. All series of measurements were done on healthy leaves and on leaves covered with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) to various degrees. Oak powdery mildew has the largest influence on the canopy water storage capacity and on hydrophobicity. In September, the leaves retained an average of 7.2 g/g more water than in May; and, in the leaves from the city, the canopy water storage capacity was 3.1 g/g higher. A decreasing angle of inclination of raindrops to leaves testified to growing wettability and increased the amount of water retained in tree crowns. An additional analysis of SEM photographs points to a dependency of the canopy water storage capacity on the condition of the surface of leaves.