Bioremediation of Metals from Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) Waste

Abstract

Technological advancement has greatly increased the demand for newer lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to the more use of advanced energy storage devices like electric vehicles, consumer electronics, renewable energy storage, backup power, medical devices. The existing methods for metal recovery from LIB recycling involved: (i) aqueous stream-based limited recycling using the liquid stream mixed with soda ash with the hammer mill and shaker table (ii) supercritical CO2-based recycling of cathode and anode (iii) pyro- and hydrometallurgical processes. Microbial participation for the recovery of metals from waste (LIBs) was found to be an attractive method due to its environmental-friendly approaches. Lysinibacillus, Micrococcus, Sporosarcina, Empedobacter, Barrientosiimonas, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Acidithiobacillus are among the species involved in the recycling of metal form LIB.