Groundwater quality analysis in dry seasons in Panggang Cay, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Panggang Cay is a very small island (smaller than 100 km 2 ) with the highest population density in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Like other very small islands in the world, it has insufficient water resources, which worsen during dry seasons. This study aimed to analyze the groundwater quality in Panggang Cay in dry seasons. The groundwater quality was determined based on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics and their positions against the thresholds set in the drinking water quality standards in Indonesia. The results showed that in dry seasons the groundwater salinity, as represented by the electrical conductivity, ranged from slightly brackish to saline. Some of the parameters exceeded the drinking water quality standards, namely Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, BOD, COD, and Total Coliform. This finding indicates that seawater intrusion and domestic waste have contaminated the groundwater in Panggang Cay.